https://fd.nl/opinie/1225583/zonder-modern-ethisch-kader-gaat-digitalisering-met-ons-op-de-loop
Zonder modern ethisch kader gaat digitalisering met ons op de loop
De manier waarop we met digitale technologie omgaan is op een kruispunt beland. We ervaren op talloze gebieden de enorme voordelen, maar worden op even zo vele gebieden geconfronteerd met de keerzijden. Tegelijk weten we dat de digitale transformatie niet te stoppen is. De digitaliseringsdynamiek is veel groter dan de huidige beslissingsprocessen aankunnen. Als in een kano op een snelstromende rivier moeten we óf bijsturen óf we worden meegesleurd: innovatie zonder navigatie. Daarom hebben we dringend behoefte aan ‘a New Digital Deal’.
Technologie heeft bewezen een onmisbare factor te zijn voor het tot stand brengen van een duurzame maatschappij op economisch, sociaal en milieugebied. Digitalisering gaat veel verder dan zaken efficiënter maken. Het kan fundamenteel anders en veel beter – of veel slechter. De idee dat elke volgende technologische vernieuwing per definitie ons leven beter maakt is naïef en gevaarlijk. De praktijk laat zien dat het helemaal geen gegeven is dat de mensheid als geheel alleen maar zal profiteren van technologische vooruitgang. Pakken we nu de regie, dan kunnen we de transformatieve impact van digitalisering maximaal benutten.
Digitalisering gaat veel verder dan zaken efficiënter maken
Hoe nu verder? Het Rathenau Insitituut en het Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving rapporteerden eerder dit jaar elk dat de maatschappij niet klaar is voor de digitale samenleving en dat er goed moet worden nagedacht over digitalisering en publieke waarden. Het Planbureau voorziet ook een andere rol van de overheid en bepleit nieuwe spelregels. Tegelijk hebben we te maken met twee kampen: technologie-evangelisten en technologie-doemdenkers. Hun standpunten liggen mijlenver uit elkaar, terwijl we juist een synthese van deze denkwerelden nodig hebben.
Zeker is in elk geval dat we fundamenteel moeten nadenken over mensenrechten, over werk, ongelijkheid en herverdeling in het licht van de digitale transformatie. Wat voor maatschappij willen wij? Antwoorden op dit soort ethische vragen moeten het uitgangspunt zijn om te bepalen of we verder willen met digitalisering – of niet. Hierover nadenken en een reguleringsstrategie ontwikkelen is niet genoeg.
Om de maatschappij die wij met hulp van digitalisering ook echt willen te realiseren, hebben we niet alleen consensus nodig, maar ook een plan, een nieuw sociaal contract: een New Digital Deal. Een plan dat de volgende golven van digitalisering in een modern ethisch kader plaatst en daarnaast de middelen en mechanismen benoemt waarmee we een leidraad bieden voor de digitale toekomst.
‘The country needs and, unless I mistake its temper, the country demands bold, persistent experimentation.’ Dat waren de woorden van Franklin Roosevelt voor hij president werd en de VS voorbereidde op de New Deal die het land uit de Grote Depressie moest halen. Deze New Deal wordt nog altijd beschouwd als cruciaal in de totstandkoming van de huidige Amerikaanse samenleving en de welvaart na de depressie van de jaren dertig en de daaropvolgende oorlogsjaren. In het licht van de digitalisering moeten we niet alleen ‘bold and persistent experimentation’ eisen, maar die ook kanaliseren.
Belanghebbende partijen moeten dit gezamenlijk bepalen. Concreet kan dat ter hand worden genomen door een gremium (publiek/privaat/wetenschap/sociale partners) dat praktische contouren vaststelt voor digitalisering – denk aan zaken zoals ontwerp, openheid, datamanagement, security, etc. En zij moeten het mandaat krijgen om hiervoor dwingende regels op te stellen. Als marktonafhankelijke partij zou de overheid zo’n gremium moeten instellen en ervoor zorg te dragen dat alle belangen vertegenwoordigd zijn. Dat gremium moet niet alleen een manifest opleveren voor praktische zaken rond digitalisering, maar er ook permanent voor waken dat de digitalisering niet doorslaat.
Er kunnen nu drie dingen gebeuren. 1. We laten de digitalisering ongehinderd voort denderen, met als waarschijnlijk resultaat economische ontwrichting, sociale en politieke onrust, extreme tweedeling, wantrouwen en aantasting van onze maatschappelijke waarden. 2. Uit angst voor deze gevolgen proberen we de digitalisering met allerlei wet- en regelgeving zoveel mogelijk in te dammen, waardoor we in een digitaal moeras belanden en volkomen stagneren. 3. Een New Digital Deal. Het is de enige weg.
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